Click Here to Download: https://ouo.io/APHBDV Short- and Long-Term Modality Effect in Multimedia Learning By: Alessia Ruf Publisher: Springer Print ISBN: 9783658124298, 3658124296 eText ISBN: 9783658124304, 365812430X Copyright year: 2016 Format: PDF Available from $ 69.99 USD SKU 9783658124304 In a multimethod laboratory study Alessia Ruf compared multimodal learning in system-paced and self-paced environments over time. The results show that overall participants achieved the highest learning success in short- and long-term when they learned with visual texts and controlled the learning time by themselves. These results reveal a general impression of the modality effect, show possibilities to improve e-learning systems and give recommendations for further research.